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LAPAROSCOPIC MYOMECTOMY.

The first step in IVF involves injecting hormones so you produce multiple eggs each month instead of only one.

You will then be tested to determine whether you're ready for egg retrieval.
Prior to the retrieval procedure, you will be given injections of a medication that ripens the developing eggs and starts the process of ovulation. 

Timing is important; the eggs must be retrieved just before they emerge from the follicles in the ovaries. If the eggs are taken out too early or too late, they won't develop normally.

Your doctor may do blood tests or an ultrasound to be sure the eggs are at the right stage of development before retrieving them. 

The IVF facility will provide you with special instructions to follow the night before and the day of the procedure. 

Most women are given pain medication and the choice of being mildly sedated or undergoing full anesthesia.

During the procedure, your doctor will locate follicles in the ovary with ultrasound and remove the eggs with a hollow needle.

The procedure usually takes less than 30 minutes, but may take up to an hour.
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TUBAL REVERSAL / RECONSTRUCTION BY: DR J E MOLOI

 The procedure can be used for many kinds of fertility problems. In cases involving male infertility, it's often used when there's a very low sperm count or when sperm aren't strong enough to swim through the cervix and up into the fallopian tubes.

When the issue is female infertility, it's sometimes done if you have a condition called endometriosis or you have anything that's abnormal in your reproductive organs.

This will be right for you if you have something called an "unreceptive cervical mucus, that means the mucus that surrounds the cervix prevents sperm from getting into your uterus and fallopian tubes.

Intrauterine Insemination lets the sperm skip the cervical mucus entirely. 

ICSI may be recommended if:

1. You have a very low sperm count

2. Your sperm are abnormally shaped (poor morphology) or they don’t move normally (poor motility)

3. You’ve had IVF previously and none, or very few of the eggs fertilized.

4. You need sperm to be collected surgically from the testicles or epididymis (a narrow tube inside the scrotum where sperm are stored and matured).

5. You’re using frozen sperm in your treatment which isn’t of the highest quality, especially if it was stored because your fertility was under threat, or following a surgical sperm retrieval.

6. You’re having embryo testing for a genetic condition, and sperm sticking to the outside of the eggs would interfere with the results

In vitro fertilization (IVF) is an assisted reproductive technology that begins by collecting a woman’s eggs and a man’s sperm and combining them together outside the woman’s body in a laboratory dish for fertilization.
If IVF treatment is successful, the embryo will implant in the uterus and result in a pregnancy. Any remaining embryos can be frozen and stored for future use or donated to other couples. In vitro fertilization can overcome most causes of male and female infertility.
IVF has a high rate of success because it allows for a controlled interaction of eggs and sperm. Medications increase the number of mature eggs a woman can produce at a single time. Doctors can evaluate each developed embryo to determine which ones are most likely to result in pregnancy.
While not appropriate for all couples or individuals, IVF offers a high chance of pregnancy in a short period of time.

Uterine Fibroids & Infertility: 

Uterine fibroids, also called uterine myomas are benign smooth muscle tumors of the uterus. These noncancerous growths of the uterus often appear during childbearing years.

Fibroids range in size from undetectable seedlings to bulky masses that can distort and enlarge the uterus. Women might have a single fibroid or multiple ones. 

Locations of fibroids vary among individuals. In addition, fibroids can change both the size and shape of the uterus and affect the cervix. Symptoms and complications depend on size and location of fibroids.  

Types of uterine fibroids are classified according to their locations. There are four primary types of fibroids including: 

Subserosal fibroids: Subserosal fibroids typically develop on the outer uterine wall. This type of fibroid tumor can continue to grow outward increasing in size. 

The growth of a subserosal fibroid tumor puts additional pressure on the surrounding organ, therefore, main symptom is pelvic pain.
Intramural fibroids: Intramural fibroids typically develop within the uterine wall and expand from there. 

When an intramural fibroid expands, it tends to make the uterus feel larger than normal. As these fibroids grow, they can cause excessive menstrual bleeding accompanied with pelvic pain and frequent urination. 

Submucosal fibroids: These fibroids develop just under the lining of the uterine cavity. Large submucosal fibroids may increase the size of the uterus cavity and block the fallopian tubes which can further cause complications with fertility. Associated symptoms include very heavy, excessive menstrual bleeding and prolonged menstruation.

Pedunculated fibroids: Pedunculated uterine fibroids occur when a fibroid tumor grows on a stalk. Symptoms associated with pedunculated fibroid tumors include pain and pressure as the fibroids can sometimes twist on the stalk.

 Endometriosis can make it more difficult to get pregnant. Between 30%-50% of people with endometriosis may experience infertility. The normal chance of getting pregnant each month for people with no endometriosis is approximately 10-20%, while people with surgically documented endometriosis have a chance of only 1-10%.

Endometriosis can cause scar tissue and adhesions to form in and around your reproductive organs. This can make it more difficult for you to get pregnant.

Many people with endometriosis get pregnant without medical assistance, but some will need treatment or intervention to help them conceive.

There are several different treatments to help with endometriosis-related infertility. Scar tissue and adhesions can be removed during a minimally invasive surgical procedure.

Medications can help make ovulation and implantation more successful. And assisted reproductive technologies can be used to bypass affected organs.